FREE MUSIC THEORY GUIDE

Music Intervals Made Simple

An interval is the distance between two notes. The quickest reliable method is to count the letter names from the first note to the second, including both ends.

Practise music intervals

What you’ll learn

  • Count both the starting note and ending note
  • C to D is a 2nd, C to E is a 3rd and C to F is a 4th
  • The same letter name up to the next occurrence is an octave
  • Unisons, 4ths, 5ths and octaves commonly use the quality perfect
WORKED EXAMPLE

What interval is G up to D?

A 5th.

Count G–A–B–C–D. There are five letter names, so the interval number is a 5th.

Why this matters

Intervals connect note reading with scales, chords, melody and aural skills. Grade 1 begins with interval numbers; later grades add qualities such as major, minor and perfect.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Starting the count at zero or excluding the first note
  • Counting piano keys when the question asks only for the interval number
  • Giving only “major” or “perfect” without also naming the interval number

Ready to practise?

Answer interactive questions and get immediate feedback. Core student practice is free.

Practise music intervals